十九大报告指出,中国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段,正处在转变发展方式、优化经济结构、转换增长动力的攻关期,建设现代化经济体系是跨越关口的迫切要求和我国发展的战略目标。报告强调,必须坚持质量第一、效益优先,以供给侧结构性改革为主线,推动经济发展质量变革、效率变革、动力变革,提高全要素生产率,着力加快建设实体经济、科技创新、现代金融、人力资源协同发展的产业体系,着力构建市场机制有效、微观主体有活力、宏观调控有度的经济体制,不断增强我国经济创新力和竞争力。十九大报告“贯彻新发展理念,建设现代化经济体系”这一章主要涉及六个方面的内容。本期介绍第一个方面。
The report delivered by General Secretary Xi Jinping of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee at the 19th CPC National Congress pointed out that China’s economy has been transitioning from a phase of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development. According to the report, this is a pivotal stage for transforming the country’s growth model, improving its economic structure, and fostering new drivers of growth. It is imperative that China develops a modernized economy. This is both an urgent requirement for getting the country smoothly through this critical transition and a strategic goal for China’s development. The report called on the whole Party to put quality first and give priority to performance, to pursue supply-side structural reform as its main task, and to work hard for better quality, higher efficiency, and more robust drivers of economic growth through reform. The country needs to raise total factor productivity and accelerate the building of an industrial system that promotes coordinated development of the real economy with technological innovation, modern finance, and human resources. China should endeavor to develop an economy with more effective market mechanisms, dynamic micro-entities, and sound macro-regulation. This will steadily strengthen the innovation capacity and competitiveness of China’s economy. The chapter “Applying a New Vision of Development and Developing a Modernized Economy” of the report mainly touches on six aspects. In this issue, our column presents the first one.
深化供给侧结构性改革
建设现代化经济体系,必须把发展经济的着力点放在实体经济上,把提高供给体系质量作为主攻方向,显著增强我国经济质量优势、加快建设制造强国,加快发展先进制造业,推动互联网、大数据、人工智能和实体经济深度融合,在中高端消费、创新引领、绿色低碳、共享经济、现代供应链、人力资本服务等领域培育新增长点、形成新动能。支持传统产业优化升级,加快发展现代服务业,瞄准国际标准提高水平，促进我国产业迈向全球价值链中高端,培育若干世界级先进制造业集群、加强水利、铁路、公路、水运、航空、管道、电网、信息、物流等基础设施网络建设，坚持去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板,优化存量资源配置,扩大优质增量供给,实现供需动态平衡。激发和保护企业家精神,鼓励更多社会主体投身创新创业、建设知识型、技能型、创新型劳动者大军,弘扬劳模精神和工匠精神,营造劳动光荣的社会风尚和精益求精的敬业风气。
Furthering Supply-side Structural Reform
In developing a modernized economy, we must focus on the real economy, give priority to improving the quality of the supply system, and enhance our economy’s strength in terms of quality.
We will work faster to build China into a manufacturer of quality and develop advanced manufacturing, promote further integration of the Internet, big data, and artificial intelligence with the real economy, and foster new growth areas and drivers of growth in medium-high end consumption, innovation-driven development, the green and low-carbon economy, the sharing economy, modern supply chains, and human capital services. We will support traditional industries in upgrading themselves and accelerate development of modern service industries to elevate them to international standards. We will move Chinese industries up to the medium-high end of the global value chain, and foster a number of world-class advanced manufacturing clusters.
We will strengthen infrastructure networks for water conservation, railways, highways, waterways, aviation, pipelines, power grids, information, and logistics. We will continue efforts to cut overcapacity, reduce excess inventory, deleverage, lower costs, and strengthen areas of weakness, and work to achieve a dynamic balance between supply and demand by improving the allocation of available resources and increasing high-quality supply.
We will inspire and protect entrepreneurship, and encourage more entities to make innovations and start businesses. We will build an educated, skilled, and innovative workforce, foster respect for model workers, promote quality workmanship, and see that taking pride in labor becomes a social norm and seeking excellence is valued as good work ethic.
