This issue’s Special Report focuses on how deputies to the National People’s Congress (NPC), China’s top legislature, perform their duties. In early March, they convened in Beijing for the annual “two sessions” – the meetings of China’s top legislature and top political advisory body. Drawing on both professional expertise and firsthand grassroots experience, they deliberated on issues of national importance. Among them were water-ecosystem protection experts, technology pioneers driving strategic industries, interdisciplinary researchers exploring brain-computer interface and artificial intelligence, cultural ambassadors who promote traditional Chinese medicine around the world, and practitioners working on the frontlines of rural revitalization. 

During the “two sessions,” deputies discussed the central government’s work report, offering suggestions on key issues, including the draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan and the draft of the ecological and environmental code. This process helps connect grassroots community needs with national-level policymaking. 

Through the stories of deputies from across regions and sectors, we offer international readers a window into how China’s whole-process people’s democracy functions. The NPC deputies – the lawmakers of China – are elected by the people. They maintain close ties with communities, listen to public concerns, translate popular will into policy initiatives, and participate in national deliberation and decision-making through the annual “two sessions.” Together, these efforts demonstrate how Chinese democracy functions on the ground – responsive, representative, and rooted in the people’s interests.